What encompasses operational security, military deception, and electronic warfare?

The correct answer is Information Operations. This concept refers to the integration of various strategic actions that are designed to influence, disrupt, or defend against adversaries in the information environment. Operational security, military deception, and electronic warfare are all critical components that help in managing and safeguarding information while also manipulating the opponent's perception and understanding of the battlefield.

Operational security involves protecting sensitive information from adversaries, ensuring that critical details about operations are not readily accessible. Military deception aims to mislead adversaries by presenting false information or creating distractions that can change the enemy's decision-making process. Electronic warfare encompasses activities designed to deny, disrupt, or deceive the enemy's use of the electromagnetic spectrum, which can significantly impact their operational capabilities.

Together, these elements form a cohesive strategy aimed at gaining an advantage in information-centric conflicts, making Information Operations a critical aspect of modern military efforts. The other options, while related to military tactics and strategies, do not encompass the full spectrum of actions described in the question.